AGV Steering Wheel Technical Overview for AGV and AMR Systems

AGV Steering Wheel Technical Overview

An AGV steering wheel is a key motion component in AGV and AMR chassis systems, responsible for driving, steering, and pivot rotation.
Its design and configuration have a direct impact on maneuverability, positioning accuracy, payload capability, and operational stability.

In warehouse automation and intelligent manufacturing, steering wheels are widely used to build flexible and reliable AGV platforms.

Key Technical Features

• Integrated driving and steering using servo motors

• Tight turning radius and zero-radius rotation

• Wide payload adaptability for different vehicle sizes

• Modular mechanical design for flexible chassis layout

• Multiple braking and feedback options for safe operation

Typical Technical Specifications

Common AGV Steering Wheel Configurations

Single Steering Wheel with Support Wheels
This layout is commonly used in light-load AGVs and compact AMRs. The steering wheel integrates driving and steering functions, while passive wheels provide stability and load support.
It offers a simple mechanical structure and straightforward control, suitable for standardized warehouse transport tasks.

Dual Steering Wheel Drive Configuration
Dual steering wheel systems are widely applied in medium-load AGVs where higher stability and positioning accuracy are required.
By synchronizing two servo-driven steering wheels, the vehicle achieves smoother motion, improved load distribution, and reliable repeatability during operation.

Four-Wheel Omnidirectional Steering System
Four-wheel steering layouts enable each wheel to drive and steer independently, allowing lateral movement, diagonal travel, and on-the-spot rotation.
This configuration is typically used in advanced AMRs and space-constrained environments that require high maneuverability and flexible path planning.

The final configuration should be selected based on payload, available space, and control requirements.

Typical Application Areas

• Warehouse and logistics automation

• Manufacturing and assembly lines

• Semiconductor and electronics facilities

• Medical and internal logistics robots

• Heavy-duty material handling AGVs

Selection Guidelines

When selecting an AGV steering wheel, key factors include:

1. Total vehicle weight and payload

2. Required speed and positioning accuracy

3. Motion type requirements

4. Floor condition and duty cycle

5. Compatibility with servo drive systems

Proper selection improves system reliability and long-term performance.

Conclusion

An AGV steering wheel is a mission-critical component rather than a standardized part.
Well-matched structure and parameters significantly enhance AGV flexibility, efficiency, and operational stability.